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Henry Heimlich (born February 3, 1920-), an American physician, is best known for the Heimlich manoeuver.

Heimlich was born in Wilmington, Delaware. He graduated from Cornell University with a B.A. in 1941, and took his M.D. from the Weill Cornell Medical College in 1943. He is best known for the choking treatment named after him. Heimlich first published his findings on the use of this maneuver in 1974, and within a week a newspaper reported it had been used to save a choking victim. In 2003, Heimlich's 30-year colleague, Edward A. Patrick MD PhD, claimed to be the actual inventor of the maneuver. Heimoich also helped promote a personal friend, the ventriloquist Paul Winchell, who claimed to have developed the first artifical heart.

Heimlich's later work has been mired in controversy and widely discredited, in particular his claims that AIDS, cancer, and Lyme disease can be cured by giving patients malaria. From the early 1990s through the present, he arranged clandestine human experiments in Mexico, China, and several African countries in which victims suffering from other AIDS, cancer, and Lyme disease were injected with malarial blood. These human experiments have been widely denounced as medical atrocities by bioethicists and federal agencies including the CDC and FDA.

His promotion of the use of the Heimlich maneuver for near-drowning rescue and for treating asthma has been dogged by allegations of case fraud based on the research of Dr. Heimlich's son, Peter M. Heimlich. Year 2005 drowning rescue guidelines of the American Heart Association removed all citations or articles written by Dr. Heimlich and warn against the use of the Heimlich maneuver as unproven and dangerous, since it may induce vomiting leading to aspiration.

It has been suggested Heimlich's later, more dubious claims were given credence for so long due to his reputation as the assumed inventor of the so-called Heimlich maneuver for choking. Year 2005 choking rescue guidelines of the American Heart Association substituted "abdominal thrusts" for "Heimlich maneuver" and suggested that chest thrusts may be a more effective treatment for choking.