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Patty Hearst , is an American newspaper heiress, socialite and occasional actress. She is the granddaughter of William Randolph Hearst and was the victim of a 1974 political kidnapping, but soon afterwards became an underground revolutionary 'terrorist' herself - she robbed a bank and spent time in prison (although she later received a presidential pardon).

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Hearst was born in San Mateo, California, the third of five daughters of Randolph Apperson Hearst. She grew up primarily in the wealthy San Francisco suburb of Hillsborough, California and attended Crystal Springs Uplands School and the Santa Catalina School for Girls in Monterey. While at Santa Catalina, she was suspended for missing chapel and other minor offenses. Among her few close friends (her nickname among the school's majority was "Fatty Patty"), she counted Patricia Tobin, whose family founded the Hibernia National Bank, the San Francisco branch of which Hearst would later aid in robbing.

On February 4, 1974 the 19-year-old Hearst was kidnapped from the Berkeley, California apartment that she shared with her fiance Steven Weed, by an urban guerrilla terrorist group called the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA). When the attempt to prisoner-swap Hearst for jailed SLA members failed, the SLA made ransom demands which resulted in the donation by the Hearst family of $6 million worth of food to the poor of the Bay Area. After the distribution of food, Hearst was still not released.

On April 15, 1974, she was photographed wielding an assault rifle while robbing the Sunset branch of the Hibernia Bank. Later communications from her were issued under the pseudonym (from the nickname of Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider) and revealed that she was committed to the goals of the SLA. A warrant was issued for her arrest and in September 1975, she was arrested in an apartment with other SLA members.

In her trial, which started on January 15, 1976, Hearst claimed she had been locked blindfolded in a closet and physically and sexually abused, which caused her to join the SLA. Her defense was largely based around the claim that her actions could be attributed to being brainwashed. Others see it as a severe case of the "Stockholm syndrome," in which captives become sympathetic with their captors. Hearst further argued she was coerced or intimidated into her part in the bank robbery.

Attorney F. Lee Bailey defended Patty Hearst. Hearst later said the famed attorney did a very poor job defending her. Legal analysts have said Bailey presented a very poor case. He gave a very short and weak closing argument to the jury and many speculated he was intoxicated. Hearst was convicted of bank robbery on March 20. Her sentence was eventually commuted by President Jimmy Carter, and Hearst was released from prison on February 1, 1979. She was granted a full pardon by President Bill Clinton on January 20, 2001, the final day of his presidency.

guard, Bernard Shaw. Currently, she lives quietly with her husband and two daughters in Connecticut.

Hearst tells her version of events beginning with her kidnapping by the SLA in her memoir Every Secret Thing, which was later made into the film Patty Hearst by Paul Schrader, with Natasha Richardson portraying Hearst. Public opinion remains divided as to whether Hearst was coerced andor brainwashed or whether she acted out of free will while being an SLA member.

Hearst's notoriety intersected with the noted crime-fetish of film director John Waters, who has used Hearst in small roles in films including (perhaps her most memorable cameo, as a hapless juror whose lack of fashion sense has serious consequences), .

On October 19, 2005 Patty Hearst's voice was heard as ex-stripper "Haffa Dozen" on Sci-Fi Channel's animated TV series "Tripping the Rift" [1]

"I was kidnapped by terrorists. It's not like I'm numb to this and think it can't happen. But get real! There's so much weeping and wailing and memorializing, my feeling is it'd be a lot healthier if people didn't externalize so much and kind of bucked up a little bit." .... "What good is our government if they can’t keep our level of fear at a point where we can think about what’s really going on?" she told Lowdown. "We are a nation with the most frightened people on the planet. People who come over here just laugh at us."- New York Daily News, October 10, 2005, Lloyd Groves Lowdown [2]

The famous Hearst SLA "mystery gun" is a modified full auto M1 Carbine with sawed-off barrel, according to court testimony. This is contrary to a reference made in the Warren Zevon song Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner which erroneously claims that "Patty Hearst heard the burst of Roland's Thompson gun and bought it".Singer Madonna based her image for the 2003 album American Life on Hearst's famous photo with the gun, but called it a tribute to Che Guevara instead.The mysterious but pioneering mathematician Robert Ammann believed that Hearst and Richard Nixon were the same person.. Bergenfield, N.J., U.S.A.: New American Library, 1975. 224+[12] p., ill., ports., facsim., index, 22 cm. Also published: London, G.B.: New English Library, 1975., New York: Avon, 1982. ISBN 0380706512. This was the title after the movie came out. Original title: Sorrentino, Christopher. "Trance: A Novel", New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005. A novel about Patty Hearst.Choi, Susan. "American Woman", New York: Harper Collins 2003. A fictional retelling of the story. Short-listed for the Pulitzer Prize.