Quicknation    Sweden Kiruna

Images of Kiruna: G Y AOL AV MSN News of Kiruna: G Y Books of Kiruna: B

Kiruna is a city in northernmost Sweden with 19,000 inhabitants; and 23,000 in the Kiruna Municipality.

The name i and means ptarmigan, a white bird native to northern areas. This bird is also depicted on the city arms, together with the sign for Iron. Iron symbolizes the mining industry which has been of great importance for the town.br clear="left"

Kiruna became a Swedish city in 1948, and was at one time listed as the largest city in the world by area, but after the Swedish municipality reform in the 1970s, the term "city" has been discontinued.

The local mountain, Kebnekaise, is Sweden's highest mountain at 2,117 metres above sea level. There are more than 6,000 lakes in Kiruna municipality, with Torneträsk Lake as the largest. Seven rivers run through the municipality, named Kalix River, Torne River, Lainio River, Rautas River and Vittangi River, as well as the Könkämä River and Muonio River which mark the border with Finland. The untouched geography has also been noted with the establishment of Abisko National Park, by the Norwegian border, established as early as 1909.

"View from just outside Kiruna, with European route E10 left to Luleå and right to Narvik, Norway."

Being located 145 kilometres north of the Arctic Circle, Kiruna has perpetual daylight, the midnight sun, approximately from 30 May to 15 July. The polar night is a few weeks shorter, lasting December 13 – January 5.

Transportations are reliable by road (European route E10), rail and air.

Iron ore extraction is a key industry of the area, and the town is very dependent on the mining company LKAB. During World War II, large quantities of iron are were transported from northern Sweden by rail to the east coast, and further down to support German warfare. (See Swedish iron ore during World War II).

In 2004, it was decided that the present centre of the municipality (N67°49'48'', E20°25'48'') must be relocated to counter mining related subsidence. The relocation should be made gradually over the next decade.

In recent years attempts have been made to reduce the area's dependence on mining with initiatives to promote science, RD and government related activities. Initiatives have included the proposed relocation of the Swedish Space Corporation and the establishment of the Environment and Space Research Institute (Miljö och Rymdforskning institutet); the former was never executed and the latter was essentially only a temporary success.

The main Satellite Ground Station of ESA, the European Space Agency, is located in the municipality. So is Esrange, the European Space and Sounding Rocket Range, as well as an EISCAT station.

In the village of Jukkasjärvi there is an Ice hotel, a proper hotel wholly built of ice, and reconstructed every year.

The church in Kiruna from 1907 is also notable, one of Sweden's largest wooden buildings, built in an Art Nouveau ; it has separately been voted Sweden's best looking church and the foremost Swedish pre-1950 construction.